Back of the Eye Disorders Market

Back of the Eye Disorders: Novel Drugs and Delivery Technologies, 2017-2030

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    January 2018

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Example Insights

  1. Over 170 product candidates are currently under various stages of development for a diverse range of back of the eye disorders. 8 drugs are commercially available; of these, Lucentis® and Eylea® have already achieved blockbuster status. Nearly 40% of the pipeline molecules are under clinical development; specifically, 1 product candidates are in the pre-registration stage, 8 molecules are being investigated in phase III and phase II/III, 24 molecules in phase II, 27 molecules in phase I/II and 11 molecules in phase I clinical trials. Majority (56%) of the product candidates are still in the preclinical and discovery stages.
  2. Gene therapy has emerged as one of the key drug classes being investigated across various phases of development. One such therapy candidate, LUXTURNA™, which is being developed for the treatment of inherited RPE65 dystrophies, received approval from the USFDA for the treatment of patients with confirmed biallelic RPE65 mutation IRD in late 2017. Other important drug classes in this domain include small molecules (20%), antibody based therapeutics (12%), cell therapies (8%) and peptides / proteins (8%).
  3. 41% of the products in the pipeline are designed to treat age-related macular degeneration. Nearly 20% of the molecules are being developed for the treatment of diabetes associated eye disorders, such as diabetic macular edema and diabetic retinopathy. In addition, close to 14% of the molecules are under development for the treatment of retinitis pigmentosa, followed by Leber Hereditary Optic Neuropathy (5%) and Stargardt disease (3%). The remaining 17% of the pipeline molecules are being developed for treating posterior uveitis, Usher syndrome and other retinal dystrophies.
  4. Majority of product candidates (29%) in the clinical pipeline target various components of the anti-angiogenesis pathway. Most of the approved drugs (57%) also follow this particular mechanism of action. A significant number of molecules (18%) are being developed against various isoforms of VEGF; these molecules are designed to either target VEGF alone or in combination with other molecular targets.
  5. The market landscape is characterized by the presence of large-sized (20), mid-sized (21) and small-sized companies (69). Some of the prominent large-sized companies engaged in this domain include (in alphabetical order) AbbVie, Chengdu Kang Hong Pharmaceuticals, Genentech, Novartis, Pfizer, Regeneron Pharmaceuticals and Valeant Pharmaceuticals. Similarly, mid-sized companies that are actively contributing to the development of back of the eye disorders include (in alphabetical order) Acucela, Mitotech, Molecular Partners, Novelion Therapeutics, Quark Pharmaceuticals, Stealth Biotherapeutics and ThromboGenics. In addition, small companies, such as (in alphabetical order) Amyndas Pharmaceuticals, ElsaLys Biotech, Envisia Therapeutics, Exonate, GenSight Biologics, Ichor Therapeutics, InFlectis BioScience, Nightstar Therapeutics, Ocugen, Recursion Pharmaceuticals, SanBio and Vision Medicines are also actively involved in this domain.
  6. To overcome the challenges related to the effective delivery of drugs to the back of the eye, several innovative technologies are also being developed. Notable examples of advanced drug delivery technologies include (in alphabetical order) BioSeizer (Taiwan Liposome Company), Durasert™ (pSivida), Encapsulated Cell Therapy (Neurotech), EyeCET Platform Technology (Eyevensys), EyeGate II® Delivery System (EyeGate Pharma), Ocular Drug Delivery System (GrayBug Vision), OculisPlatform Technology (Oculis), Replenish Posterior MicroPump™ (Replenish), SCS™ Microinjector (Clearside Biomedical), and Verisome Technology (Icon Bioscience).
  7. Given the increase in technological advancements, rise in the aging population across the globe and the unmet across multiple ophthalmological disorders, we anticipate the opportunity to steadily grow in the foreseen future. In fact, specific products, being developed for indications with very large target patient populations, are anticipated to achieve blockbuster status (sales over USD 1 billion) and become prime contributors to future revenues.

Report Description

There are many different forms of retinitis pigmentosa and, being an orphan indication, it is safe to consider that drug / therapy developers working in this domain could receive the breakthrough designation, fast track designation and accelerated approval from regulatory authorities. Moreover, the pricing of the drugs is likely to reflect the likely opportunity in this area.

-Senior Vice President, a US based drug developer

According to the World Health Organization, close to 250 million individuals, including 36 million blind people, presently suffer from some form of vision impairment. Further, a recent study published in September 2017 estimates that the number of blind people is likely to increase to 38.5 million, by 2020, and to 115 million, by 2050. Current projections also indicate that, in the US alone, the total economic burden related to vision loss is expected to reach approximately USD 715 billion by 2050. In fact, chronic eye diseases are considered to be one of the main causes of vision loss globally, and an estimated 90% cases of visual impairment are reported to be caused due to such conditions. It is worth highlighting that a significant portion of these chronic ophthalmological disorders are clinical conditions related to the back of the eye.

The current treatment landscape for back of the eye disorders is characterized by the presence of blockbuster drugs, such as Lucentis® and Eylea® , and various other therapeutic options. Despite the success of these therapies, their invasive mode of administration, high dosage frequency and other drug related side effects, are some of the drawbacks that have an adverse impact on their therapeutic potential and adoption. Further, there are no treatment approaches available for a number of ophthalmological indications, such as dry age related macular degeneration (dry AMD), retinitis pigmentosa (RP) and leber congenital amaurosis. In order to overcome these challenges, various stakeholders are engaged in the development of novel therapeutic approaches. With the entry of several start-ups that are driving the innovation in this domain, the pipeline has several novel product candidates in various stages of development. Companies are steadily collaborating to develop and commercialize their products globally, in-license intellectual property to design new treatment modalities and advance research initiatives in this domain.

Scope of Report

The ‘Back of the Eye Disorders: Novel Drugs and Delivery Technologies, 2017-2030’ report features an extensive study of the market for novel drugs, drug-device combinations and technologies for the treatment of back of the eye disorders. The focus of this study is on the applications and the likely evolution of novel treatment options (excluding steroids and corticosteroids) in the mid to long term. The evolving market has its hopes pinned on the efforts of multiple start-ups, small and large-sized companies. Amongst other elements, the report features:

  • A detailed assessment of the current market landscape of novel drugs, providing information on various drug / therapy developers, phase of development (clinical, preclinical or discovery stage) of product candidates, information on drug class, molecular target, type of therapy, mechanism of action, route of administration, and key therapeutic indication(s). In addition, we have provided a list of drug device combinations that target the back of the eye.
  • A world map representation, depicting the most active geographies in terms of the presence of companies developing drugs to treat back of the eye disorders.
  • A bull’s eye analysis highlighting distribution of pipeline candidates in terms of phase of development, type of target and drug class. A grid analysis based on type of drug class developed / being developed across different indications and stages of development.
  • An elaborate discussion on lifecycle management strategies, depicting how companies are using various methods to expand patent exclusivity in order to exploit the revenue generation potential of their proprietary products.
  • Comprehensive profiles of clinical stage (phase II/III and above) drug candidates specifically targeting back of the eye disorders, highlighting their current status of development, mechanism of action, technology, patent portfolio, clinical trial information and recent developments.
  • A review of currently available technologies and delivery systems that are being used to administer therapeutics to the back of the eye, featuring brief profiles of the various technical advances, key benefits offered and information on the product candidates pipeline that are based on these technologies.
  • A discussion on various visual prosthesis that are available, highlighting their mechanism of action. In addition, we have provided a comparative 2X2 analysis of the different types visual prosthesis based on supplier power and product competitiveness.
  • An analysis of the partnerships that have been established in the recent past, covering R&D collaborations, license agreements, mergers and acquisitions, manufacturing and services agreements, and other relevant agreements.
  • A discussion on the key promotional strategies that have been adopted for marketing approved drugs, namely (based on the approval year) Macugen®, Lucentis®, Eylea® and Jetrea®, that are presently prescribed to treat back of the eye disorders.

One of the key objectives of the report was to understand the primary growth drivers and estimate the future size of the market. Based on various parameters, such as target patient population, likely adoption rates and expected pricing, we have provided an informed estimate on the likely evolution of the market in the short to mid-term and long term, for the period 2017-2030. To account for the uncertainties associated with the development of novel drugs and to add robustness to our model, we have provided three forecast scenarios, portraying the conservative, base and optimistic tracks of the market’s evolution.

The opinions and insights presented in the report were also influenced by discussions held with senior stakeholders in the industry. These include Elise Brownell (Senior Vice President of Operations and Project Management, Amarantus Bioscience), Quinton Oswald (President and CEO, Neurotech Pharmaceuticals) and Samantha Cobb (CEO, AdAlta). All actual figures have been sourced and analyzed from publicly available information forums and primary research discussions. Financial figures mentioned in this report are in USD, unless otherwise specified.

Contents

Chapter 2  is an executive summary of the insights captured in our research. The summary offers a high-level view on the likely evolution of the back of the eye disorders market in the short-mid and long term.

Chapter 3  features a discussion on the general concepts related to the structure of the human eye, primarily focusing on the various disorders associated with the back of the eye. It provides information on the static, dynamic and metabolic barriers that have a significant impact on drug delivery to the back of the eye. The chapter also features a discussion on the different routes used to administer drugs into the eye. In addition, it covers details on the available treatment options (drug classes that have been approved or are currently under development) and drug delivery approaches for back of the eye disorders.

Chapter 4  includes information on over 175 therapeutics that are currently approved or are in different stages of development. It features a comprehensive analysis of the pipeline molecules, highlighting the drug developer, target indication, phase of development, drug class, type of therapy, mechanism of action and route of administration. In addition, it features a schematic representation on a world map, highlighting the key regional hubs developing therapeutics for the treatment of back of the eye disorders. Further, we have provided a logo landscape of product developers in North America, Europe and the Asia Pacific region on the basis of employee base. The chapter also features a comprehensive grid analysis of the various therapeutic product candidates, highlighting their respective target indications, drug class and phases of development.

Chapter 5  includes a detailed discussion on product life cycle management strategies that are being considered by developers of approved drugs. It focuses on the development and commercialization related strategies, which are being used extensively by drug developers to treat back of the eye disorders.

Chapter 6  contains detailed profiles of drugs that are in advanced stages of clinical development (phase II/III and above). Each profile provides information on the current status of development, mechanism of action, technology, patent portfolio, clinical trial information and recent developments.

Chapter 7  presents a comprehensive market forecast, highlighting the future potential of the market till 2030. Based on various parameters, such as target patient population, likely pricing and adoption (driven by clinical efficacy and safety data), we have estimated the evolution of the market over the coming 10-15 years. The chapter provides detailed segmentation of overall opportunity based on drug classes (antibody based therapeutics, fusion proteins, peptides, small molecules, oligonucleotides and others), indications (wet AMD, dry AMD, DME, DR, LHON, Stargardt disease and others), mechanism of action (anti-angiogenesis, anti-inflammatory, complement pathway inhibition, functional protein production, visual cycle modulation and others) and route of administration (intravitreal, topical, oral, subcutaneous and others).                                                                                                                                       

Chapter 8  provides details on the technology platforms and drug delivery systems that have been developed to address the challenges posed by the current treatment approaches in this space. It includes brief profiles of those drug delivery technologies / platforms that are being developed for multiple drug candidates in the clinical stage. Each profile provides information on the developer, key advantages, release profile, type of molecule and technology pipeline. In addition, the chapter highlights the various ocular implants / drug device combinations that are either approved or being developed to target back of the eye disorders.

Chapter 9  highlights the bionic vision technology / visual prostheses, which are designed to restore vision in visually impaired patients. It includes information on the various bionic eye technologies that are either approved or currently in various stages of development for the treatment of back of the eye disorders, specifically RP and wet AMD. It also presents a comparative 2 X 2 matrix analysis of bionic vision technologies, based on parameters, such as phase of development, site of implantation, targeted indications and unique characteristics of these technologies.

Chapter 10  features an elaborate discussion and analysis of the various collaborations and partnerships that have been inked amongst players in this market. We have also discussed the different partnership models (including product development and commercialization, R&D agreements, technology / product licensing agreements, other licensing agreements, mergers / acquisitions and clinical trial collaborations) and the most common forms of deals / agreements that have been established between 2013 and 2017 ( including both the years ).

Chapter 11  highlights the key promotional strategies that are being implemented by the developers of marketed products, such as Macugen®, Lucentis®, Eylea® and Jetrea®. For the purpose of this analysis, we studied the promotional activities undertaken by the developers of the aforementioned drugs. The promotional aspects covered in the chapter include details provided on the product website (covering key messages for patients and healthcare professionals), patient support offerings and informative downloadable content.

Chapter 12  provides a detailed analysis, capturing the key parameters and trends that are likely to influence the future of the back of the eye disorders market within the biopharmaceutical industry, under a comprehensive SWOT framework.

Chapter 13  summarizes the overall report. In this chapter, we have provided a list of key takeaways from the report, and expressed our independent opinion related to the research and analysis described in the previous chapters.

Chapter 14  is a collection of interview transcripts of the discussions that were held with key stakeholders in this market. The chapter provides details of interviews held with Elise Brownell (Senior Vice President of Operations and Project Management, Amarantus Bioscience), Quinton Oswald (President and CEO, Neurotech Pharmaceuticals) and Samantha Cobb (CEO, AdAlta).

Chapter 15  is an appendix, which provides information on drugs that have been discontinued over time.

Chapter 16  is an appendix, which provides tabulated data and numbers for all the figures provided in the report.

Chapter 17  is an appendix, which provides the list of companies and organizations mentioned in the report.

Table of Contents

1. PREFACE
1.1. Scope of the Report
1.2. Research Methodology
1.3. Chapter Outlines
 
2. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
 
3. INTRODUCTION
3.1. Background and Context
3.2. Structure of the Eye
3.3. Components of Back of the Eye
3.3.1. Retina
3.3.2. Vitreous Humor
3.3.3. Optic Nerve
3.4. The Visual Cycle
3.5. Barriers to the Back of the Eye
3.5.1. Static Barriers
3.5.2. Dynamic Barriers
3.5.3. Metabolic Barriers
3.6. Route of Administration of Drugs to Back of the Eye
3.7. Disorders Associated with Back of the Eye
 
3.8. Treatment Options for Back of the Eye Disorders
3.8.1. Laser Treatment
3.8.2. Vitrectomy / Vitreous Surgery
3.8.3. Drugs
3.8.3.1. Angiogenesis Inhibitors
3.8.3.2. Complement Factor Inhibitors
3.8.3.3. Visual Cycle Modulators
3.8.3.4. Anti-Inflammatory Drugs
3.8.3.5. Gene Therapies
3.8.3.6. Stem Cell Therapies
3.9. Drug Delivery Platforms for Back of the Eye Disorders
3.9.1. Implantable Devices
3.9.2. Intravitreal Injections
3.9.3. Depot Injections
3.9.4. Transscleral Iontophoresis
3.9.5. Nanotechnology
3.9.6. Encapsulated Cell Technology
 
4. COMPETITIVE LANDSCAPE
4.1. Chapter Overview
4.2. Back of the Eye Disorders: Clinical Pipeline
4.2.1. Analysis by Phase of Development
4.2.2. Analysis by Drug Class
4.2.3. Analysis by Mechanism of Action
4.2.4. Analysis by Type of Molecular Target
4.2.5. Analysis by Target Indication
4.2.6. Analysis by Type of Therapy
4.2.7. Analysis by Route of Administration
 
4.3. Back of the Eye Disorders: Preclinical / Discovery Pipeline
4.3.1. Analysis by Drug Class
4.3.2. Analysis by Target Indication
 
4.4. Back of the Eye Disorders Pipeline: Leading Players
4.5. Back of the Eye Disorders Pipeline: Most Prominent Hubs
4.6. Back of the Eye Disorders Pipeline: Regional Landscape
4.7. Back of the Eye Disorders Pipeline: Grid Analysis
 
5. PRODUCT LIFE CYCLE MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES
5.1. Introduction
5.2. Macugen®
5.2.1. Overview
5.2.2. Mechanism of Action
5.2.3. Life Cycle Management Strategy
5.2.3.1. Geographic Expansion
5.2.3.2. Development of New Formulation
5.2.4. Collaborations
 
5.3. Lucentis®
5.3.1. Overview
5.3.2. Mechanism of Action
5.3.3. Life Cycle Management Strategy
5.3.3.1. Indication and Geographic Expansion
5.3.3.2. Strategic Pricing
5.3.3.3. Development of New Formulation
5.3.3.4. Development of Combination Therapies
5.3.4. Collaborations
 
5.4. Eylea®
5.4.1. Overview
5.4.2. Mechanism of Action
5.4.3. Life Cycle Management Strategy
5.4.3.1. Indication and Geographic Expansion
5.4.3.2. Therapeutic Area Expansion
5.4.3.3. Development of an Intravitreal Depot
5.4.3.4. Strategic Pricing and Reimbursement
5.4.3.5. Development of Combination Therapies
5.4.4. Collaborations
 
5.5. Jetrea®
5.5.1. Overview
5.5.2. Mechanism of Action
5.5.3. Life Cycle Management Strategy
5.5.3.1. Indication and Geographic Expansion
5.5.3.2. Development of New Formulation
5.5.3.3. Reimbursement Strategies
5.5.4. Collaborations
 
5.6. Conbercept
5.6.1. Overview
5.6.2. Mechanism of Action
5.6.3. Life Cycle Management Strategy
5.6.3.1. Indication Expansion
 
6. DRUG PROFILES
6.1. Chapter Overview
6.2. LUXTURNA™ (Spark Therapeutics): Mechanism of Action, Indication, Route of Administration, Molecular Target, Key Developments and Clinical Results
6.3. Sirolimus (Santen Pharmaceutical): Mechanism of Action, Indication, Route of Administration, Molecular Target, Key Developments and Clinical Results
6.4. Abicipar Pegol (Molecular Partners / Allergan): Mechanism of Action, Indication, Route of Administration, Molecular Target, Key Developments and Clinical Results
6.5. Brolucizumab (Alcon, a Division of Novartis): Mechanism of Action, Indication, Route of Administration, Molecular Target, Key Developments and Clinical Results
6.6. GS010 (GenSight Biologics): Mechanism of Action, Indication, Route of Administration, Molecular Target, Key Developments and Clinical Results
6.7. Lampalizumab (Roche): Mechanism of Action, Indication, Route of Administration, Molecular Target, Key Developments and Clinical Results
6.8. Optina (Ampio Pharmaceuticals): Mechanism of Action, Indication, Route of Administration, Molecular Target, Key Developments and Clinical Results
6.9. Squalamine (OHR Pharmaceutical): Mechanism of Action, Indication, Route of Administration, Molecular Target, Key Developments and Clinical Results
6.10. Zuretinol (Novelion Therapeutics): Mechanism of Action, Indication, Route of Administration, Molecular Target, Key Developments and Clinical Results
6.11. Zimura (Ophthotech): Mechanism of Action, Indication, Route of Administration, Molecular Target, Key Developments and Clinical Results
 
7. MARKET SIZE AND OPPORTUNITY ANALYSIS
7.1. Chapter Overview
7.2. Forecast Methodology and Key Assumptions
7.3. Overall Back of the Eye Disorders Market, 2017-2030
7.4. Back of the Eye Disorders Market: Distribution by Indications
7.4.1. Back of the Eye Disorders Market for Wet Age-related Macular Degeneration (AMD)
7.4.2. Back of the Eye Disorders Market for Dry AMD
7.4.3. Back of the Eye Disorders Market for Diabetic Macular Edema (DME)
7.4.4. Back of the Eye Disorders Market for Diabetic Retinopathy (DR)
7.4.5. Back of the Eye Disorders Market for Stargardt Disease
7.4.6. Back of the Eye Disorders Market for Leber Hereditary Optic Neuropathy (LHON)
7.4.7. Back of the Eye Disorders Market for Other Indications
7.5. Back of the Eye Disorders Market: Distribution by Drug Class
7.6. Back of the Eye Disorders Market: Distribution by Mechanism of Action
7.7. Back of the Eye Disorders Market: Distribution by Route of Administration
 
8. TECHNOLOGY PLATFORMS, DELIVERY SYSTEMS AND DRUG DEVICE COMBINATIONS
8.1. Chapter Overview
8.2. Drug Formulation Technologies
8.3. Drug Delivery Technologies / Systems
8.3.1. Profiles of Key Drug Delivery Technologies / Systems
8.3.1.1. BioSeizer (Taiwan Liposome Company): Type of Technology, Key Features, Sustained Release (Duration), Type of Molecules and Technology Pipeline
8.3.1.2. Durasert™ (pSivida): Type of Technology, Key Features, Sustained Release (Duration), Type of Molecules and Technology Pipeline
8.3.1.3. Encapsulated Cell Therapy (Neurotech Pharmaceuticals): Type of Technology, Key Features, Sustained Release (Duration), Type of Molecules and Technology Pipeline
8.3.1.4. EyeCET Platform Technology (Eyevensys): Type of Technology, Key Features, Sustained Release (Duration), Type of Molecules and Technology Pipeline
8.3.1.5. EyeGate II® Delivery System (EyeGate Pharma): Type of Technology, Key Features, Sustained Release (Duration), Type of Molecules and Technology Pipeline
8.3.1.6. Ocular Drug Delivery Technology (Graybug Vision): Type of Technology, Key Features, Sustained Release (Duration), Type of Molecules and Technology Pipeline
8.3.1.7. Oculis Platform Technology (Oculis): Type of Technology, Key Features, Sustained Release (Duration), Type of Molecules and Technology Pipeline
8.3.1.8. Replenish Posterior MicroPump™ (Replenish): Type of Technology, Key Features, Sustained Release (Duration), Type of Molecules and Technology Pipeline
8.3.1.9. SCS™ Microinjector (Clearside Biomedical): Type of Technology, Key Features, Sustained Release (Duration), Type of Molecules and Technology Pipeline
8.3.1.10. Verisome (Icon Bioscience): Type of Technology, Key Features, Sustained Release (Duration), Type of Molecules and Technology Pipeline
8.4. Drug Device Combinations / Implants
 

9. VISUAL PROSTHESIS
9.1. Chapter Overview
9.2. Visual Prosthesis / Bionic Eye
9.2.1. Architecture
9.2.2. Role in the Treatment of Retinal Disorders
9.2.3. Market Landscape
9.2.3.1. Product Competitiveness Analysis
 
10. PARTNERSHIPS AND COLLABORATIONS
10.1. Chapter Overview
10.2. Partnership Models
10.3. Back of the Eye Disorders: List of Partnerships
10.4. Back of the Eye Disorders: Partnerships Analysis
10.4.1. Analysis by Year of Partnership
10.4.2. Analysis by Type of Partnership Model
10.4.3. Most Active Players by Number of Partnerships
 
11. PROMOTIONAL ANALYSIS
11.1. Chapter Overview
11.2. Channels Used for Promotional Campaigns
11.3. Summary: Product Website Analysis
11.3.1. Summary: Patient Support Services and Informative Downloads
 
11.4. Promotional Analysis: Macugen®
11.4.1. Drug Overview
11.4.2. Product Website Analysis
11.4.2.1. Patient Assistance Program
11.4.2.2. Distributor Information and Informative Downloads
 
11.5. Promotional Analysis: Lucentis®
11.5.1. Drug Overview
11.5.2. Product Website Analysis
11.5.2.1. Messages for Healthcare Professionals
11.5.2.2. Patient Support Services and Informative Downloads
11.5.2.3. Messages for Patients and Caregivers
11.5.2.4. Other Promotional Activities
 
11.6. Promotional Analysis: Eylea®
11.6.1. Drug Overview
11.6.2. Product Website Analysis
11.6.2.1. Messages for Healthcare Professionals
11.6.2.2. Patient Support Services and Informative Downloads
11.6.2.3. Messages for Patients and Caregivers
 
11.7. Promotional Analysis: Jetrea®
11.7.1. Drug Overview
11.7.2. Product Website Analysis
11.7.2.1. Messages for Healthcare Professionals
11.7.2.2. Patient Support Services and Informative Downloads
11.7.2.3. Messages for Patients and Caregivers
11.7.2.4. Promoting New Formulation of Jetrea®
11.7.2.5. Platform to Report Adverse Events Associated with the Drug
 

12. SWOT ANALYSIS
12.1. Chapter Overview
12.2. Strengths
12.3. Weaknesses
12.4. Opportunities
12.5. Threats
 
13. CONCLUSION
13.1. The Back of the Eye Disorders Market is Characterized by a Robust Pipeline of Candidates Belonging to Different Drug Classes
13.2. Although Product Candidates are Being Developed to Treat a Number of Clinical Conditions, the Primary Focus is on Macular Degenerative Disorders
13.3. Increasing Partnerships Activity to Support Drug Development is Indicative of Future Opportunity
13.4. Currently, the Market is Led by Big Pharma Players; Many Start-ups, Though, are Making Significant Strides in this Domain
13.5. Multiple Novel Delivery Approaches are Being Investigated to Assist in Improving Patient Compliance
13.6. Given the Presence of Blockbuster Drugs, and Several Late Stage Product Candidates, the Market is Poised to Grow Steadily in the Foreseen Future
 
14. INTERVIEW TRANSCRIPTS
14.1. Chapter Overview
14.2. Elise Brownell, Senior Vice President of Operations and Project Management, Amarantus Bioscience
14.3. Quinton Oswald, President and CEO, Neurotech Pharmaceuticals
14.4 Samantha Cobb, CEO, AdAlta
 
15. APPENDIX: LIST OF DISCONTINUED MOLECULES
 
16. APPENDIX: TABULATED DATA
 
17. APPENDIX: LIST OF COMPANIES AND ORGANIZATIONS

 

List of Figures 

Figure 3.1  Structure of Eye
Figure 3.2  Structure of Retina
Figure 3.3  Back of the Eye: Barriers
Figure 3.4  Back of the Eye: Routes of Administration
Figure 3.5  Back of the Eye Disorders: Treatment Options
Figure 3.6  Back of the Eye Disorders: Marketed Angiogenesis Inhibitors
Figure 3.7  Back of the Eye Disorders: Delivery Approaches
Figure 3.8  Back of the Eye Disorders: Marketed Implants
Figure 4.1  Back of the Eye Disorders, Clinical Pipeline: Distribution by Phase of Development
Figure 4.2  Back of the Eye Disorders, Clinical Pipeline: Distribution by Drug Class
Figure 4.3  Back of the Eye Disorders, Clinical Pipeline: Distribution by Type of Pathway
Figure 4.4  Back of the Eye Disorders, Clinical Pipeline: Distribution by Type of Molecular   Target (Cumulative)
Figure 4.5  Back of the Eye Disorders, Clinical Pipeline: Distribution by Type of Molecular Target (Individual)
Figure 4.6  Back of the Eye Disorders, Clinical Pipeline: Distribution by Target Indication
Figure 4.7  Back of the Eye Disorders, Clinical Pipeline: Distribution by Type of Therapy
Figure 4.8  Back of the Eye Disorders, Clinical Pipeline: Distribution by Route of Administration
Figure 4.9  Back of the Eye Disorders, Preclinical Pipeline: Distribution by Phase of Development
Figure 4.10  Back of the Eye Disorders, Preclinical Pipeline: Distribution by Drug Class
Figure 4.11  Back of the Eye Disorders, Preclinical Pipeline: Distribution by Target Indication
Figure 4.12  Back of the Eye Disorders Pipeline: Leading Players
Figure 4.13  Back of the Eye Disorders Pipeline: Most Prominent Hubs
Figure 4.14  Back of the Eye Disorders Pipeline: Developer Landscape, North America
Figure 4.15  Back of the Eye Disorders Pipeline: Developers Landscape, Europe 
Figure 4.16  Back of the Eye Disorders Pipeline: Developers Landscape, Asia Pacific
Figure 4.17  Back of the Eye Disorders Pipeline: Grid Analysis
Figure 5.1  Life Cycle Management Strategies
Figure 5.2  Macugen®: Mechanism of Action
Figure 5.3  Macugen®: Life Cycle Management
Figure 5.4  Lucentis®: Mechanism of Action
Figure 5.5  Lucentis®: Life Cycle Management
Figure 5.6  Lucentis®: Timeline of Approved Indications (US)
Figure 5.7  Lucentis®: Timeline of Approved Indications (Europe)
Figure 5.8  Lucentis®: Price (Annual Treatment Cost) Evolution Strategy (EU)
Figure 5.9  Eylea®: Mechanism of Action
Figure 5.10 Eylea®: Life Cycle Management
Figure 5.11  Eylea®: Timeline of Approved Indications
Figure 5.12  Jetrea®: Life Cycle Management
Figure 5.13  Jetrea®: Geographic Expansion
Figure 5.14  Conbercept: Mechanism of Action
Figure 5.15  Conbercept: Life Cycle Management
Figure 7.1   Overall Back of the Eye Disorders Market, 2017-2030 (USD Billion)
Figure 7.2   Overall Back of the Eye Disorders Market: Market Attractiveness Analysis by Indication, 2023-2030
Figure 7.3  Back of the Eye Disorders Market: Wet AMD, 2017-2030, Base Scenario (USD Billion)  
Figure 7.4  Back of the Eye Disorders Market: Dry AMD, 2021-2030, Base Scenario (USD Billion)
Figure 7.5  Back of the Eye Disorders Market: DME, 2017-2030, Base Scenario (USD Billion)
Figure 7.6  Back of the Eye Disorders Market: DR, 2017-2030, Base Scenario (USD Billion)
Figure 7.7 Back of the Eye Disorders Market: Stargardt Disease, 2023-2030, Base Scenario (USD Billion)
Figure 7.8  Back of the Eye Disorders Market: LHON, 2017-2030, Base Scenario (USD Billion)
Figure 7.9  Back of the Eye Disorders Market: Other Indications, 2017-2030, Base Scenario (USD Billion)
Figure 7.10  Back of the Eye Disorders Market: Distribution by Drug Classes, 2017 and 2030 
Figure 7.11  Back of the Eye Disorders Market: Distribution by Mechanism of Action, 2017 and 2030 
Figure 7.12  Back of the Eye Disorders Market: Distribution by Route of Administration, 2017 and 2030 
Figure 8.1  Back of the Eye: Drug Delivery Technologies
Figure 9.1  Visual Prosthesis / Bionic Eye: External and Implantable Modules
Figure 9.2  Visual Prosthesis / Bionic Eye: Steps of Operation 
Figure 9.3  Visual Prosthesis / Bionic Eye: Product Competitiveness Analysis
Figure 10.1 Back of the Eye Disorders Partnerships: Cumulative Trend (2013–2017)
Figure 10.2  Back of the Eye Disorders Partnerships: Distribution by Type of Partnership Model
Figure 10.3  Back of the Eye Disorders Partnerships: Most Active Players, 2013-2017
Figure 11.1  Promotional / Marketing Strategy: Product Website Analysis
Figure 11.2  Promotional / Marketing Strategy: Patient Support Services and Informative Downloads
Figure 11.3  Product Website Analysis: Macugen®, Focus on Access Program
Figure 11.4  Product Website Analysis: Macugen®, Distributor Information
Figure 11.5  Product Website Analysis: Lucentis®, Messages for Healthcare Professionals
Figure 11.6  Product Website Analysis: Lucentis®, Patient Support Program
Figure 11.7  Product Website Analysis: Lucentis®, Direct Program
Figure 11.8  Product Website Analysis: Lucentis®, Co-pay Card Program
Figure 11.9  Product Website Analysis: Lucentis®, Access Solutions
Figure 11.10 Product Website Analysis: Lucentis®, Genentech Access to Care Foundation
Figure 11.11  Product Website Analysis: Lucentis®, Messages for Patients
Figure 11.12  Product Website Analysis: Eylea®, inSight Platform
Figure 11.13  Product Website Analysis: Eylea®, Messages for Healthcare Professionals
Figure 11.14  Product Website Analysis: Eylea®, Patient Assistance Program
Figure 11.15  Product Website Analysis: Eylea®, Co-pay Card Program
Figure 11.16  Product Website Analysis: Eylea®, Co-pay Assistance Referral Program
Figure 11.17  Product Website Analysis: Eylea®, Messages for Patients and Caregivers
Figure 11.18  Product Website Analysis: Jetrea®, Messages for Healthcare Professionals
Figure 11.19  Product Website Analysis: Jetrea®, Clinical Trial and Dosing Information
Figure 11.20  Product Website Analysis: Jetrea®, JETREA CARE® Program
Figure 11.21  Product Website Analysis: Jetrea®, Co-pay Payment Portal
Figure 11.22  Product Website Analysis: Jetrea®, Distributor Information
Figure 11.23  Product Website Analysis: Jetrea®, Messages for Patients and Caregivers
Figure 11.24  Product Website Analysis: Jetrea®, Information on New Formulation
Figure 11.25  Product Website Analysis: Jetrea®, Information on Platform for Reporting Adverse Events
Figure 12.1  Back of the Eye Disorders SWOT Analysis: Overview
Figure 12.2  Back of the Eye Disorders SWOT Analysis: Strengths
Figure 12.3  Back of the Eye Disorders SWOT Analysis: Weaknesses
Figure 12.4  Back of the Eye Disorders SWOT Analysis: Opportunities
Figure 12.5  Back of the Eye Disorders SWOT Analysis: Threats
Figure 13.1  Back of the Eye Disorders: Clinical Stage Molecules by Key Drug Targets and Drug Classes
Figure 13.2  Back of the Eye Disorders: Key Disease Indications
Figure 13.3  Back of the Eye Disorders Market: Conservative, Base and Optimistic Forecast Scenarios, 2024 and 2030 (USD Billion)

List of Tables

Table 3.1  Tissue Layers of the Eye
Table 3.2  Overview of Major Back of the Eye Disorders
Table 3.3  Back of the Eye Disorders: Marketed Implants
Table 4.1  Back of the Eye Disorders: Clinical Pipeline
Table 4.2  Back of the Eye Disorders: Preclinical Pipeline
Table 5.1  Differences between Eylea® and Zaltrap
Table 6.1  Back of the Eye Disorders: Late Stage Product Candidates 
Table 8.1  Back of the Eye Disorders: Drug Formulation Technologies
Table 8.2  Back of the Eye Disorders: Drug Delivery Technologies / Systems
Table 8.3  List of Drug Device Combinations / Implants
Table 9.1  List of Visual Prosthesis / Bionic Eye
Table 10.1  Back of the Eye Disorders: Partnerships
Table 11.1  Macugen®: Drug Overview
Table 11.2  Lucentis®: Drug Overview
Table 11.3  Eylea®: Drug Overview
Table 11.4  Jetrea®: Drug Overview
Table 16.1  Back of the Eye Disorders, Clinical Pipeline: Distribution by Phase of Development
Table 16.2  Back of the Eye Disorders, Clinical Pipeline: Distribution by Drug Class
Table 16.3  Back of the Eye Disorders, Clinical Pipeline: Distribution by Type of Pathway
Table 16.4  Back of the Eye Disorders, Clinical Pipeline: Distribution by Type of Molecular Target (Cumulative)
Table 16.5  Back of the Eye Disorders, Clinical Pipeline: Distribution by Type of Molecular Target (Individual)
Table 16.6  Back of the Eye Disorders, Clinical Pipeline: Distribution by Target Indication
Table 16.7  Back of the Eye Disorders, Clinical Pipeline: Distribution by Type of Therapy
Table 16.8  Back of the Eye Disorders, Clinical Pipeline: Distribution by Route of Administration
Table 16.9  Back of the Eye Disorders, Preclinical Pipeline: Distribution by Phase of Development
Table 16.10  Back of the Eye Disorders, Preclinical Pipeline: Distribution by Drug Class
Table 16.11  Back of the Eye Disorders, Preclinical Pipeline: Distribution by Target Indication
Table 16.12  Back of the Eye Disorders Pipeline: Leading Players
Table 16.13  Overall Back of the Eye Disorders Market, 2017-2030, Conservative Scenarios, Base Scenario and Optimistic Scenario (USD Billion)
Table 16.14  Overall Back of the Eye Disorders Market: Market Attractiveness Analysis by Indication, 2023-2030
Table 16.15  Back of the Eye Disorders Market: Wet AMD, 2017 – 2030, Conservative Scenario, Base Scenario and Optimistic Scenario (USD Billion)  
Table 16.16  Back of the Eye Disorders Market: Dry AMD, 2021 – 2030, Conservative Scenario, Base Scenario and Optimistic Scenario (USD Billion)
Table 16.17  Back of the Eye Disorders Market: DME, 2017 – 2030, Conservative Scenario, Base Scenario and Optimistic Scenario (USD Billion)
Table 16.18  Back of the Eye Disorders Market: DR, 2017 – 2030, Conservative Scenario, Base Scenario and Optimistic Scenario (USD Billion)
Table 16.19  Back of the Eye Disorders Market: Stargardt Disease, 2023 – 2030, Conservative Scenario, Base Scenario and Optimistic Scenario (USD Billion)
Table 16.20  Back of the Eye Disorders Market: LHON, 2017 – 2030, Conservative Scenario, Base Scenario and Optimistic Scenario (USD Billion)
Table 16.21  Back of the Eye Disorders Market: Other Indications, 2017 – 2030, Conservative Scenario, Base Scenario and Optimistic Scenario (USD Billion)
Table 16.22  Back of the Eye Disorders Market: Distribution by Drug Classes, 2017 and 2030
Table 16.23  Back of the Eye Disorders Market: Distribution by Mechanism of Action, 2017 and 2030 
Table 16.24  Back of the Eye Disorders Market: Distribution by Route of Administration, 2017 and 2030 
Table 16.25  Back of the Eye Disorders Partnerships: Cumulative Trend (2013–2017)
Table 16.26  Back of the Eye Disorders Partnerships: Distribution by Type of Partnership Model
Table 16.27  Back of the Eye Disorders Market: Conservative, Base and Optimistic Forecast Scenarios, 2024 and 2030 (USD Billion)

Listed Companies

The following companies and organizations have been mentioned in the report.

  1. 4D Molecular Therapeutics
  2. AbbVie
  3. Academy of Finland
  4. Accredo Health Group
  5. Achillion Pharmaceuticals
  6. Aciont
  7. ActiveSite Pharmaceuticals
  8. Acucela
  9. AdAlta
  10. Adverum Biotechnologies
  11. Aegerion Pharmaceuticals
  12. Aerie Pharmaceuticals
  13. Aerpio Therapeutics
  14. Affilogic
  15. AGTC
  16. Alcon (a Novartis division)
  17. Alfred Hospital
  18. Alimera Sciences
  19. Alkeus Pharmaceuticals
  20. Allegro Ophthalmics
  21. Allergan
  22. Allinky Biopharma
  23. ALTEOGEN
  24. Amarantus BioScience
  25. Amarna Therapeutics
  26. Ampio Pharmaceuticals
  27. Amyndas Pharmaceuticals
  28. Apellis Pharmaceuticals
  29. Apexian Pharmaceuticals
  30. Apexigen
  31. Apollo Endosurgery
  32. Appletree CI Group
  33. Araim Pharmaceuticals
  34. Ascendis Pharma
  35. AsclepiX Therapeutics
  36. Astellas Institute for Regenerative Medicine (AIRM)
  37. Astellas Pharma
  38. Athena Vision
  39. AyuVis Research
  40. Bascom Palmer Eye Institute
  41. Bausch + Lomb
  42. Bayer
  43. BCM Families Foundation
  44. Benitec Biopharma
  45. Besse Medical
  46. Bicycle Therapeutics
  47. BIOCND
  48. Biogen
  49. BioInvent
  50. Biokine Therapeutics
  51. BioLight Lifesciences
  52. Bionic Sight
  53. Bionic Vision Technologies (BVT)
  54. BIOPHYTIS
  55. BioTime
  56. Biovista
  57. Case Western Reserve University (CWRU)
  58. Catalent
  59. Catalyst Biosciences
  60. Université catholique de Louvain
  61. Cellular Dynamics International (CDI)
  62. Ceregene
  63. Charlesson
  64. Chengdu Kanghong Pharmaceuticals Group
  65. Children's Hospital of Philadelphia
  66. Cipla BioTec
  67. Clanotech
  68. Clearside Biomedical
  69. Clonz Biotech
  70. Coherus Biosciences
  71. Columbia University
  72. CoMentis
  73. Copernicus Therapeutics
  74. Critical Pharmaceuticals
  75. CuraScript SD
  76. CVS Caremark
  77. Daiichi Sankyo
  78. DelSiTech
  79. Dompé
  80. Editas Medicine
  81. Eleven Biotherapeutics
  82. ElsaLys Biotech
  83. Envisia Therapeutics
  84. Exonate
  85. EyeGate Pharma
  86. Eyemedics
  87. Eyetech Pharmaceuticals
  88. Eyevensys
  89. Ferrer
  90. Fondation Voir et Entendre
  91. Formycon
  92. ForSight VISION 4
  93. Foundation Fighting Blindness (FFB)
  94. FUJIFILM Holdings
  95. Galapagos
  96. Galaxy Ophthalmics
  97. Gemini Therapeutics
  98. Genable Technologies
  99. Gene Signal
  100. Gene Techno Science
  101. Genaera Corporation
  102. Genentech
  103. Genethon
  104. GenSight Biologics
  105. Gilead Sciences
  106. Graybug Vision
  107. Grey Innovation
  108. GlaxoSmithKline (GSK)
  109. Gunma University
  110. Hadassah Medical Center
  111. Hanmi Pharmaceutical
  112. Harvard Medical School (HMS)
  113. Healios
  114. Hemera Biosciences
  115. Henogen (a subsidiary of the Novasep group)
  116. HORAMA
  117. Huabo Biopharm
  118. i2 Pharmaceuticals
  119. Ichor Therapeutics
  120. Icon Bioscience
  121. Iconic Therapeutics
  122. Illinois Institute of Technology
  123. Inception Sciences
  124. InFlectis BioScience
  125. InnoCore Pharma
  126. Innovent Biologics
  127. Intas Pharmaceuticals
  128. Intrexon
  129. Ionis Pharmaceuticals
  130. I'rom Group
  131. Ixchel Pharma
  132. Janssen
  133. jCyte
  134. Jeil Pharmaceutical
  135. Jiangsu T-mab BioPharma
  136. Johns Hopkins University
  137. K.N. Toosi University of Technology
  138. Kala Pharmaceuticals
  139. Kalos Therapeutics
  140. KalVista Pharmaceuticals
  141. KMG Pharma
  142. Kodiak Sciences
  143. Kowa Company
  144. Laboratoire de Génétique Médicale de Strasbourg
  145. LeadArtis
  146. Lin Bio Science
  147. Lonza
  148. Loyola University Chicago
  149. Lpath
  150. Massachusetts General Hospital
  151. Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
  152. McKesson
  153. Medical College of Wisconsin (MCW)
  154. MeiraGTx
  155. Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center
  156. Merck
  157. MimeTech
  158. Mimetogen Pharmaceuticals
  159. MiniFAB
  160. Mitotech
  161. Molecular Partners
  162. Monash University
  163. MorphoSys
  164. Mosaic Biosciences
  165. M's Science Corporation
  166. Mystic Pharmaceuticals
  167. Nano Retina
  168. Nanovision
  169. National Institutes of Health (NIH)
  170. Nektar Therapeutics
  171. Neovacs
  172. Neurotech Pharmaceuticals
  173. NeXstar Pharmaceuticals
  174. Novartis
  175. Novelion Therapeutics
  176. Ocata Therapeutics
  177. OccuRx
  178. Ocugen
  179. Ocular Therapeutix
  180. Oculis
  181. OcuNexus Therapeutics
  182. Odylia Therapeutics
  183. Ohr Pharmaceutical
  184. OliX Pharmaceuticals
  185. Omeros
  186. Opthea
  187. Ophthotech
  188. Opsis Therapeutics
  189. Optobionics
  190. Casey Eye Institute, Oregon Health & Science University (OHSU)
  191. Osaka University
  192. Oxford BioMedica
  193. Oxular
  194. Paloma Pharmaceuticals
  195. Pangere Center for Inherited Retinal Diseases, The Chicago Lighthouse
  196. PanOptica
  197. Patheon
  198. Pfenex
  199. Pfizer
  200. Pieris Pharmaceuticals
  201. Pixium Vision
  202. Polus
  203. PolyActiva
  204. Potentia Pharmaceuticals
  205. Preceyes
  206. ProLynx 
  207. Promedior
  208. ProQR
  209. Proretina Therapeutics
  210. Proteostasis Therapeutics
  211. pSivida
  212. Qilu Pharmaceuticals
  213. Quark Pharmaceuticals
  214. Ra Pharma
  215. Recursion Pharmaceuticals
  216. Regeneron Pharmaceuticals
  217. REGENXBIO
  218. Reliance RX
  219. ReNeuron
  220. Replenish
  221. Retina Foundation of the Southwest
  222. Retina Implant
  223. Retinagenix
  224. RetroSense Therapeutics
  225. Ribomic
  226. Roche
  227. Royal DSM
  228. RWTH Aachen University
  229. RXi Pharmaceuticals
  230. Saksin Lifesciences
  231. Samsung Bioepis
  232. SanBio
  233. Sanofi
  234. Santen Pharmaceuticals
  235. Santhera Pharmaceuticals
  236. Santo Holding
  237. SciFluor Life Sciences
  238. Second Sight
  239. Selexis
  240. SENJU Pharmaceutical
  241. SENS Research Foundation
  242. SGS Life Science
  243. Shanghai Jiao-Tong University
  244. Sonikure Technology
  245. Spark Therapeutics
  246. Stanford University
  247. Stealth BioTherapeutics
  248. Sumitomo Dainippon Pharma
  249. Sun Pharmaceutical
  250. Syracuse University
  251. Taiwan Liposome Company
  252. Tanox
  253. Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary
  254. The University of Manchester
  255. University of Massachusetts Medical School
  256. University of Pennsylvania
  257. TheraKine
  258. ThromboGenics
  259. TRACON Pharmaceuticals
  260. University of Tübingen
  261. Tyrogenex
  262. UCL Business
  263. Universal Cells
  264. University License Equity Holding (ULEHI), University of Colorado
  265. University of California
  266. University of Melbourne
  267. University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (UPMC)
  268. University of Utah
  269. University of Virginia School of Medicine
  270. VAXIER THERAPEUTICS
  271. Versant Ventures
  272. Verseon
  273. VESSL Therapeutics
  274. Vision Medicines
  275. Vision Technologies
  276. Walgreens Specialty Pharmacy
  277. Wellstat Ophthalmics Corporation
  278. WuXi AppTec
  279. Xbrane Biopharma
  280. XL Vision Sciences
     

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